![]() Studies have reviewed the impact of other intakes of caffeine: in one such study, a single 60mg caffeine dose elicited a clear enhancement of sustained attention and alertness, contentment and mood 27. Highly-fatigued subjects may be more likely to experience larger subjective mood changes than non- or moderately-fatigued subjects 26. A dose-related improvement in subjective measures of calmness and interest were found after consuming caffeine, suggesting that mood improvement may depend on baseline arousal 26. Nehlig suggests that repeated administration of 75mg of caffeine (the equivalent of one cup of coffee) every 4 hours can result in a pattern of sustained improvement of mood over the day: however high intakes may be associated with an increase in tense arousal including anxiety, nervousness and jitteriness (i.e. Of note, coffee, cocoa and tea are being actively investigated because they contain polyphenolic compounds that may have beneficial effects on mental health, including behaviour, mood, depression and cognition 56. Research suggests that diet and exercise can affect neuronal development and physiology and protect the brain from neurological illnesses or injuries 55. ![]() ![]() Every year, 1 out of 15 people suffer from major depression in Europe, and if anxiety and all forms of depression are included, nearly 4 out of 15 people are affected 54. In Europe, mental health and mental disorders (including depression and anxiety) pose a significant public health challenge 53. It has been suggested that emotions can be defined by episodes of synchronised change, with components such as bodily reactions (such as blushing), and motor expressions 52. A mood is a relatively long-lasting affective state 51 while an emotion is of shorter duration. ![]() However, in scientific terms, mood and emotion have different definitions. ![]()
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